KHAWLHRING HNAM LEH ZO HNAHTHLAK HNAM THENKHATTE INLAICHIN DAN

KHAWLHRING HNAM LEH ZO HNAHTHLAK HNAM THENKHATTE INLAICHIN DAN

-Zohmachhuana Khawlhring

Khawlhring Hnam thlahtu bul chiang taka chhui hlat theih ber chu BERHVATEA a ni a, Berhvatea hian fapa pahnih Saivatea leh Chûnthanga (Pawi/Lai Hnam zinga Chhunthang nen hian ngaihpawlh loh tur a ni ang) a nei a. Saivatea hi a upa zawk a ni. Berhvatea hi MIVAM HNAM a ni a, chu chu HNAM THIANGHLIM tihna a ni. Chûnthanga hi an hunlaiin hnam dang ten Faihriam hnam tiin an ko thin a, FAIHRIAM tih pawh hi Hnam Thianghlim tih nen thuhmun a ni. Chûnthanga fapa te chu: Khualhringa, Vangchhiaha, Milaia, Nelriama, Pautua leh Thlautea te an ni. Khualhringa hian fapa pali a nei a, Midânga,Thurtima, Pialtela, Lûngena te an ni. Vangchhiaha hian fapa 6 a nei a, Dochil, Invang, Theiduh,Tlukte, Vanghawi, Zapte te an ni. Pautua hian fapa 4 a nei a, Buangzal, Chhingate, Chhehlawn, Tluangate te an ni. Khualhringa pianpui u leh nau te leh fate hming hi tun hnuah chuan Khawlhring chi hming an lo ni ta a ni. An hnam khaikhawmtu berah KHUALHRING tuna KHAWLHRING tia kan lo hman tak hi Khawlhring tlanga Khawlhring lalram ropui tak dintu Khawlhringa khan a lo hmang daih tawh a ni. Hei hi AD 1400 hma lam daih niin a lang. Mi thenkhat ten thlang kan tlak hnu chauha min khaikhawmtu hnam hming atan Khawlhring tih hi hmang ta chauh anga an sawi thin hi thu belhchian dawl lo a ni.

Khawlhring hnam te hian tuna kan chenna Mizoram leh Mizo hnam humhalhna kawngah an lo thawhhlawk em em a ni tih kan hre thei a. Khawlhring lal ropui leh Khawlhring tlanga lal hnuhnung ber Lalmichhinga atanga chhuan 9-na Pu Challianthanga'n a fate hnena a thurochhiah a sawi chu hetiang hi a ni: “Lallula'n Thlanrawn Pawih ho a rawt tuma a pasal tha hmingthang leh a chhuan ber ber te kha Khawlhring pa ho kan ni a.  Pawih ho thi bang Tuilehluang thlenga uma that leh vektute pawh kha Khawlhring pa ho kan ni.  Mi kawlh leh huaisen hnam kan ni tih hi rawn theihnghilh suh ang che u" tiin. Hei hian Khawlhring pasaltha te kha mi huaisen doral hmaa tlan chhe ngai lo, mihrang sahrang hmaah zam ngai lo an ni tih a tichiang hle awm e.

Khawlhring hnam hi Mizo hnamah hian kan in phun nghet em em a, Mizoram state chhung leh pawnah kan in zar pharh nasa hle a, Mizo hnam zinga hnam hlawm lian ber kan nih loh pawhin a hnam hlawm lian ber zinga mi kan nih hial a rinawm.  Mizoram leh Mizo hnam tan hian vawiin thlengin sawrkar, kohhran leh thil dang dangah sulsutu mi pawimawh tak takah Khawlhring te hi an tang a ni tih kan hre thei awm e. Amaherawhchu, Mizo hnahthlak hnam hrang hrang zingah chuan inlakhranna rilru (hnam feeling) nei lo ber leh Mizo hnahthlak hnam zawng zawng deuh thawin an hnama an sengluh tak hnam kan nih avanga mahni hnam tobul chhui chiang lem lova awm ta mai mai kan nihna erawh historical researcher-te thlirna tukverh atanga thlir chuan a pawi hle awm e. Mizo hnama kan in phun ngheh tlatna erawh hi chu sawinghinin awm mawlh lo se.

Khawlhring hnam leh Zo hnahthlak hnam thenkhat te inlaichinna Khawlhring historical society-in research a tihna atanga kan hriat chian theih chinte han tarlang ila:

(1)  Khawlhring leh Biate inlaichinna:

Berhvatea fapa Chunthanga nupui hi Biate hnam a ni a. Biate lal Lalkhanga fanu Lalzaii nupuiah a nei niin an sawi a.  Khawlhringa nu hi Biate hnam a nih miau avangin Biate ho nen hian an inti chhungkhat hle a, an chhungkhat an unaute an ni reng bawk a ni. Biate tawng chuan Kholring an ti. Biate leh Khawlhring chu nu hmun pa hmun hrin an ni e tia sawi thin a nihna chhan pawh Khawlhringa nu kha Biate hnam a nih vang a ni. Khawlhring lalram huam chhungah Biate ho hi thahnem tak chu Khawlhring zingah an awm ve ngei niin a lang. Biate hnam zingah Khawlhirng kan ni inti an lo awm ve a nih pawhin an mawh love.  Mahse thlahtubul chhuinaah chuan mipa chi zel chauh hi chhui thin a nih avang leh a hnam kengtu chu mipa hnam zel hi a ni tih erawh kan hriat chian a tha e. Biate te nen inlaichinna kan neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Hmar in ni e an lo tih phah ta niin a lang.

(2)  Khawlhring leh Thiak inlaichinna:

Chunthanga leh Lalzaii Biate (Biate hnam lal Lalkhanga fanu, hmeltha leh hleitling taka sawi) fapa Khawlhringa (Khawlhring hnam thlahtu) pianna khua hi Thiak khua niin an sawi a. Mizoram state chhunga mi ni lo Chin Hills (Burma) a mi zawk niin an sawi. Hetianga inlaichinna kan neih avang hian Thiak ho hian Khawlhring ho hi an ti unau em em a ni.  Hei vang hian Khawlhring te chu Hmar in ni e min lo tih phah ta niin a lang. Khawlhring lalram huam chhungah Thiak ho hi thahnem tak chu Khawlhring zingah an awm ve ngei niin a lang. Thiak ho hi kan laichin unau te an ni e.

(3)  Khawlhring leh Halkha inlaichinna:

Khualhringa tupa Hauchema nupui hi Bawmzo a nia, Bawmzo te hi Lai/Pawi hnam an ni a, Hauchema (Khawlhring Lungen) tupa Zakuala (Khawlhring Lungen) nupui hi Ngunnu-i Lai/Pawi Halkha hnam a ni bawk. Hetianga Lai/Pawi hnam te nena in neih pawlh nuaih an nih avangin Khawlhring te hi Lai/Pawi Hnam an ni e tih a lo chhuah phah ta a ni mai awm e. 

(4)  Khawlhring leh Fanai inlaichinna:

Fanai lal ropui Rorehlova hi a naupan laiin a nu leh pa Pawi ralin an thah sak a, Khawlhring hovin Rorehlova hi Sailo lal ho hnenah an tlan luh pui ta niin an sawi. Selesih sangsarih khua din a nih hun lai khan Rorehlova hi naupang te a la ni tih kan hre thei a, Lallula hian pianpui unau mipa a neih loh avangin a pianpui unau ang maia neih niin an sawi. Selesih sangsarih atanga Samthang khuaah Lallula a in dana lal tlang a thut khan Rorehlova hi Lallula hian amah zui ve zel tura a ngen avangin a zui ve zel tih kan hre thei a, a bul hnai khuaah Lallula hian a lal tir ve niin an sawi bawk.

Fanai lal awmna apiangah Khawlhring pa ho hi lal upa (tun laia Minister ang), Pasaltha leh Puithiam an ni deuh zel tih kan hre thei a. Dawisa kil ho theiin Fanai ho nen hian an lo in siam a, unau angin nghet takin an khawsa ho ta a ni. Fanai ho nen hian thisena in unau ni lo mahse thuthlunga unaua in siam an ni. Mizoram state chhunga Fanai lalna ram zawng zawngah Khawlhring ho hi thahnem tak tun thlengin an la awm a ni. Khawlhring te hi Lai/Pawi Hnam in ni e min tihna chhan pawh Fanai ho nena an in tih unau vang leh an zinga an chen vang hi a ni mai awm e.

(5)  Khawlhring leh Ngente inlaichinna:

Khiangte ho leh Ngente ho an indo do a, Ngente ho hian chak dawn lova an inhriat avangin Khawlhring ho hi Khiangte ho dopuiah an sawm ta a, tichuan Khiangte ho chu an hneh ta a, heta tang hian Ngente leh Khawhring te hian unau a insiamin Dawisa an lo kil ho thei ta a ni. Hetianga inlaichinna an lo neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Paite hnam in ni e an lo tih phah ta niin an sawi.

(6)  Khawlhring leh Sailo inlaichinna:

Sailo lal ropui Lallula nupui kha Khawlhring a ni. Lalmanga (Mangpawrha) nu kha a ni. Hei hi Hualngo hoin Sailo ho hla an phuah elnaah kan hmu. 

"Khawlhringfa Mangpawrha, fentialah Lalsavunga,

Thlang vaipui tel lo chuan ka awm khua,

Bel ang i suan lawng nge (lovang)" tiin.

Tin, Zadeng lal, Lalchungnunga Tuahzawl lal in hla a phuah elnaah hian chiang takin a lang bawk.

"Khawlhring tuchhuan Lalmanga fam ta si e,

Lalchungnunga'n tunge ka do tak ang le!" tiin.

Khawlhring thahnem tham takin Sailo lal an belh avang khan Sailo lal awp huam chhunga Khawlhring awm te kha Lusei an ni e an lo tih phah mai niin a lang.

(7)  Khawlhring leh Bawmzo inlaichinna:

Khawlhringa tupa Hauchema (Vanhnuaihauchema tia hriat lar) (Laltuaka Sailo fapa Hauchema nen ngaih pawlh loh tur a ni ang) khan nupuiah Bawmzo (Bawm) a nei a, hei hi Pangzawl (Chin Hills) nula hmeltha Chawngvungi ngaizawngtu, nupui atana rima nupuia nei ta Sawngkhara chanchinah kan hre thei a, Sawngkhara hi Hauchema fapa a ni. Chawngvungi nu chuan Sawngkhar hi a lo duh lo hle a. Sawngkhara chuan a va rim leh a. Pawn atang chuan, ‘Chawngi, kawng min va hawn rawh, Sawngkhara ka lo leng e’ a han ti a. Chawngvungi nu chuan, ‘Bawmzo fa leh Paikawng chu tuichhuarah riak rawh se,’ a tihsan mai a.  Sawngkhara chuan, ‘Ka nu Bawmzo ni mahse ka pa Vanhnuai Hauchema’ a’n ti a. Chu veleh, ‘Chawngi va hawn rawh le’ a ti a.  Kawngkhar chuan ‘Rikrak’ a ti vat mai a ni an ti.

Bawmzo (Bawm) te hi Mizo historian te chuan Pawi/Lai hnam zingah an dah. Hauchema hi Lungena fapa a ni.  Khawlhring te thlang an tlak khan thahnem takin Bawmzo (Bawm) ho hi an zui thla ngei a ni tih kan hre thei a. Khawlhring tlanga lal hnuhnung ber Lalmichhinga thlah kal zel Tinthata thlah peng te pawh an la awm ngei tih kan hre thei a ni. Hetianga Bawmzo (Bawm) te nen an in chenpawlh avang hian Bangladesh (East Pakistan) sawrkar phei chuan Bawm hnam chi peng 18 a recognised zingah Khawlhring te hi a telh ve ta hial a ni. Bangladesh sawrkar offical record-ah chuan “Khualhring” tia dah a ni. Bawmzo (Bawm) ho hian “Khualring” tiin an lam thung.  Bawmzo (Bawm) te nena inlaichinna thuk tak an lo neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Lai/Pawi hnam in nia lawm an lo tih phah ta niin a lang.

(8) Khawlhring leh Reang/Bru inlaichinna:

Tripura state-a Reang/Bru hnam zinga khawsa Apeng ho khu Khawlhring chi peng an ni a.  Anni ho hi thlang tla hmasa pawl tak a nih a rinawm. Apeng ho hi an thahnem tham hle.

(9)  Khawlhirng leh Pang inlaichinna:

Pang ho zingah Khawlhring ho engemaw zat an awm ve a. Hei vang hian Pang ho hian an ti unau em em niin a lang. Mahse thisena inlaichinna hnai tak kan neih erawh kan hre thei tawh lo a ni. Pang ho hian Khawlhring te hi KHUALRENG an ti a, an hnamah min seng lut hial reng a ni.

(10) Khawlhring leh Darlawng inlaichinna:

Darlawng ho zingah khuan Khawlhring thahnem tham tak an khawsa thin a. Hei vang hian Darlawng ho hian an hnamah min chhal ta mai niin alang.

(11) Khawlhring leh Vangchhia inlaichinna:

Rev. Liangkhaia khan Khawlhring te leh Vangchhia te hian bul zawk nih an inchuh niin a ziak a, mahse hei hi khawi emaw laia pa titi thiam thusawi a dawnsawn a ziak mai niin a lang.  Chhui chian dawl lo thil a ni. Khawlhring te leh Vangchhia te hi thlahtubul thuhmun, nu leh pa thuhmun, Chunthanga Faihriam/Mivam leh Lalzaii Biate te fapa, thisen inzawm unau ngei an ni e. K. Manliana (Keimanliana), Khampat khawdintu sawi danin Vangchhe pa farnu in sawn a pai atanga Khawlhring hi lo piang anga sawi pawh hi chhui chian dawl lo thil a ni. Pa titi thiam takin a chhui dawnna a sawina mai niin a lang. He thu hi Hmar lal mi fing tak tak leh Khawlhring tawng pawh la thiam ngat Pu M. Laldailova chhuidawnna nen a in persan hle bawk. Vangchhia zingah a zatve aia tam mah hian an hming bulah Khawlhring tih an hmang niin a lang bawk. Khawlhring tlang pui bul hnai te ah Vangchhe tlang a awm a, a hranpa in lal tlang te zawk changin an lal ve a ni. Khawlhring tawng vek an hmang thin.  Vangchhia te hi sawi hran emaw theih chi niin a lang lo e.

(12)  Khawlhring leh Pautu inlaichinna:

Mi thenkhatin Pautua hi Vangchhiaha fapa angin ziak an awm leh zeuh thin a, hei hi an hriat sual vang niin a lang. Chunthanga Faihriam/Mivam leh Lalzaii Biate te fapa, Khawlhringa pianpui unau ngei a ni e. Pautu te hi sawi hran emaw theih chi niin a lang lo e.

(13)  Khawlhring leh Saivate inlaichinna:

Saivate hnam tam zawk hian Hmar emaw an in ti hial awm e. A thenin Khawlhring an in ti bawk. Khawlhring thlahtu bul chiang taka chhui hlat theih ber Berhvatea khan fapa pahnih a nei a, Saivatea leh Chunthanga. Chuvangin, Khawlhring te nen hian thlahtu bulah thuhmun an nih avang hian Saivate hnam hian Khawlhring an in ti a nih pawhin an mawh love, kan thinsen zawm pui te ngei an ni e. Mivam hnam (Hnam Thianghlim) ngei an ni a, Khawlhring hnam chi zinga tel thei ngei an ni e.

(14) Khawlhring leh Faihriam (Faihriem) inlaichinna:

Faihriam (Faihriem) hnam chanchin kan hriat theihna hmasa ber chu lal Salawnkhara kha a ni. Salawnkhara kha Faihriam hnam a ni a, lal ropui tak a ni. Salawnkhara kha Lersia te laichin hnai unau a ni tih kan hria. Lersia leh Singaia te feh hlanin an farnu neihchhun Ngirtlingi chu Salawnkhara nupui Cherhchawngi dam thei lo thawi nan an hmang tih kan hria a. Hei hi Mizo history-ah mihringa in thawi hmasa ber an ni hial awm e.  Berhvatea kha Mivam hnam tih kan hria a. Mivam tih leh Faihriam tih hi thuhmun a ni. Berhvatea tih loh chu Mivam hnamdang hriat leh an thlah kal zel hriat kan nei lo. Berhvatea fapa Chunthanga Faihriam leh Lalzaii Biate thlah kal zel te hian KHAWLHRING HNAM kan inti a, Saivatea thlah kal zel ten FAIHRIEM (FAIHRIAM) an la in ti mai niin a lang e. Thlahtu bul thumun kan ni.

KAWTCHHUAH ROPUI

KAWTCHHUAH ROPUI

-K.C. Khuma
 Vanglaini April 22, 2018

Vangchhe khua hi 1888 AD ah Sailo lal Thawmpuia’n a din a. Zoram buai lai khan Vaphai khua ah khawm phei an ni a, Vaphai ah kum li zet an awm hnu-ah 1972-ah let leh in tun thleng hian mei mit lovin a awm ta a ni. Thawmpuia Sailo leh a ṭhuihruai ten an luah hma hian  kum engzat nge ruak a awm kan hre lova, Hualngo lal Luahtu-a hian kum sawm leh sawmhnih inkar vel chu a kaihhruai te nen an luah niin upate’n an sawi ṭhin. Hualngo lal Luahtu-a te awm hma hian Hmar hnam Vangsie (Vangchhia) hovin an luah tawh bawk a, anni aṭang hian vawiin thlengin a khaw hming Vangchhia hi a pu hlen ta a ni.

Hmar Vangchhe hovin an luah lai hian tuna a khaw ṭhenawm Sazep ram hi ram ruak a ni a, tlak deng chhawng zawnga ram pharh a ni. Vangchhe pasalṭha te sa kahna ber, sapuahna, sachanna hmun (sazeep ram) a ni a, vawiin thlengin an ni pawh hian Sazep tih chu khaw hmingah an pu hlen ta a ni. Vangchhe hovin an luah hma hian engtia rei nge a ruaka a awm kan hre lova, Mirawng (Rongmei) ho pawh hian an luah tawh a nih hmel. A chhan chu Kawtchhuah Ropui-ah hian khawchhak lam Myanmar aṭangin hmanlai kawng (Pipute Lamlian) a rawn lut a, chhim lampang aṭangin, chhimthlang aṭangin, khawthlang lam aṭangin, hmar lam aṭangin hmanlai kawng (Pipute Lamlian) hi a rawn lut a, hengte hi koh dan kan hriat tam ber chu Mirawng kawng (Mirawng Lamlian), Vai lamlian, tih a ni a, Mithi Kawng ti an awm bawk.

1980 niin ka hria, khual khua a nula rim nuam kan tih lai vel a ni. Vaphai khua a thingpui dawrah thingpui in in kan ṭhianpa nen kan ṭhu ve, Mizo chhangban kan hmeh a, kan sirah chuan Vaphai pavalai an ni chek ang, thingpui inchawiin ‘Two raw pip’ an ti a, Meitei nula pathum leh tlangval pahnih an rawn lut ve a. Vaphai pa-in, “Engnge in rawn tih?” a ti a, anni chuan, “Kan pi leh pute sulhnu kan rawn chhui a ni” an ti a. Kan pi leh pute chuan A B C (A AW B) an nei lova, lungphun an uar a, lungphunah chuan thu leh hla chhiar tur a awm lova, lem chi hrang hrang a pawngin lungphunah chuan an ziak ṭhin a ni,” an ti. Kei mikhual tlangval chuan, “Heng lungphun, kan rama mi te chu nangni pi leh pute phun a ni lo, kan pi leh pute phun alawm” ka ti thla ve ngawt a, ka hriat chian vang pawh a ni lova, ka zahzum loh vang mai a ni. Vaphai pa chuan “Vangchhia te in tlawh em?” a ti a, “Aw, tlawh e” an ti a. Anni thusawi kha a dik a nih chuan Vangchhia hi Meitei ho pawhin an luah tawh a nih hmel (Shyam Singh, Asst. Archaeologist, A.S.I, Guwahati office aṭanga lo kal hnenah heng thu te hi ka hrilh a, ani chuan, “Kan pi pute culture-ah heng hi a awm ka hre ngai lo” a ti ve thung).

Vangchhe khua leh ram hrim hrim hi Mizoramah chuan pi pu sulhnu tam berna a nih hmel a, ramhnuai khawbang hniam deuh leh lung khawsa mai maia lem chi hrang hrang inziak te, pi pute lamlian sei tak leh tawi te te te, lungrem hrang hrang te, lungdawh te, puk te (ker) leh lungphun te a tam a, khaw hlui chin nia hriat pawh hi zau tham tak a ni. Hetiang lam vei a nih a chinah phei chuan hmuh chhuah thar te pawh a awm zel a. Lungker khuar leh buh denna sum ang taka ker te, a tawn ngil tawpa ker te hmuh belh zel a ni a, hmun hluiah tho chuan tuna Vangchhe khaw luahtute pawh hian khua an din a. Tuna Vangchhia, In 170 vel hian hmun hlui chu an luah tho va, hmanlaia an tuikhur hlui ni awm tak te pawh tam tak hmuh chhuah a ni.

Khawchhak lama kawtchhuah leh khawthlang lam kawtchhuah a awm a, hmanlaia an bel keh them leh lung hmanrua te, ṭhimkualte chhar a ni a, vaibel (kuaite) ni awm tak te pawh tam tak chhar a ni.  Khawchhak lam kawtchhuah chu Vangchhe khaw luahtu Thawmpuia te nge, Luahtua Hualngo te nge, Vangchhia hnamin nge ni, hre chiah lo mah ila hming inhmeh tak mai Duhlian ṭawngin ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ an ti a, a inhmeh hle.  Kawtchhuah Ropui-ah hian tunah (2018) lungphun 250 vel a awm a, chung lungphunah chuan thu leh hla engmah chhiar theih a awm lova, lem chi hrang hrang; ramsa lem,  sava, sangha, hmanrua chi hrang hrang lem leh mihring lem te a pawngin an ziak a. Japan, New Zealand leh Israel aṭang te hian an rawn tlawh a. India hmun hrang hrang leh Mizoram chhim leh hmar, University te, College leh School hrang hrang leh Sawrkar Department leh pawl ho leh chhungkua te in an rawn tlawh fo ṭhin bawk. Tlawhtu te mit la deuh te chu rul lem leh sangha te, selu in chherchhuan leh rin kalh te hi an ni a, ngaihdan hrang hrang pawh a tam hle.

Foreign aṭanga rawn kal te chuan, “Heng lungphun te hi Lui lung a ni e,” ti te an awm a, ṭhenkhatin ‘sand stone’ an ti bawk. Mak deuh mai chu heng an ngaihdan te hi pawm loh theih loh a nih chhan chu a bul hnaiah hetiang khawpa lung lian leh tam chher ngai lo han lakchhuahna tur quarry a awm lo a ni. An lem ziah avang pawh hian tute sulhnu nge nia in hriat siak/in rin siak pawh hi competition pakhat chu a ni ve reng reng reng a ni. Lui lung a ni ti tute sawi hi dik se engtin nge an zawnchhuah ang? Engtin nge an lak thlen theih? tih pawh khawnvartui pâwl chhan hre lo tan chuan hriat ngaihna a awm lo a ni. An puk ker leh an lung ker chi hrang hrang te avang hian hmanrua ṭha tak an nei tih erawh chu a hriat.

Engpawhnise, tu sulhnu pawh ni se, Vangchhiaa Kawtchhuah Ropui leh sulhnu dangte hi zir tham a ni. September 12, 2012, ah T. Romana College chuan Seminar buatsaihin, Principal leh staff te nen zirlai naupangte leh mipuite nen thufing zirchianna a buatsaih a. Prof. J.V. Hluna te, B. Lalthangliana te, Dr. Malsawmkima te, Pu K.C. Khuma te chu thu thlirbing buatsaihtute an ni a, a lawmawm hle. Chu mai ni lovin INTACH Mizoram Chapter, Pu Rohmingthanga IAS (Rtd.) kaihhruai te, a mei zang aṭangin Mizoram sawrkar leh Art and Culture Department ṭangrual chuan India rama thil hlui lam buaipuitu lian ber, Archaeological Survey of India-ah thlenin tunah chuan Kawtchhuah Ropui chu ‘National Importance’ ah puan a ni ta a ni. 2015 aṭang khan ASI te chuan zirchianna (excavation) neiin hma an la a, “Kum li kum nga-ah chuan zawh theih kan tum ang” an ti. Hna an thawh tluan chuan Mizo history-ah mellung thar a piang ngei ang a, kan rama mi ril zawk te pawh awm mai mai lova, a hmuna riak leh en a hriatpui ve turin ka sawm che u a ni.

Vangchhe pa ho ṭhat na em em chu kan mawl kan zep lo te hi a ni. Vangchhe khua a pa upa te sawi sawidan chuan, “Tuna lung la awm te hi hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat pawh a tling tawh lovang, hmanlai aṭangin lungphun, lungdawh, lungrem atan lak a ni a, (1992 thleng khan) tunah a hlutna kan hre ve chauh si a, a pawi ngawt mai” an ti. Kawtchhuah Ropui avang hian Mizo history chuan hmel thar, history chiang zawk a neih ngei beisei ang u.

Vangchhia, Mizoram, India.

Zofate Thlangtlak Gate, Vangchhia, Mizoram, India.