KHAWLHRING HNAM LEH ZO HNAHTHLAK HNAM THENKHATTE INLAICHIN DAN

KHAWLHRING HNAM LEH ZO HNAHTHLAK HNAM THENKHATTE INLAICHIN DAN

-Zohmachhuana Khawlhring

Khawlhring Hnam thlahtu bul chiang taka chhui hlat theih ber chu BERHVATEA a ni a, Berhvatea hian fapa pahnih Saivatea leh Chûnthanga (Pawi/Lai Hnam zinga Chhunthang nen hian ngaihpawlh loh tur a ni ang) a nei a. Saivatea hi a upa zawk a ni. Berhvatea hi MIVAM HNAM a ni a, chu chu HNAM THIANGHLIM tihna a ni. Chûnthanga hi an hunlaiin hnam dang ten Faihriam hnam tiin an ko thin a, FAIHRIAM tih pawh hi Hnam Thianghlim tih nen thuhmun a ni. Chûnthanga fapa te chu: Khualhringa, Vangchhiaha, Milaia, Nelriama, Pautua leh Thlautea te an ni. Khualhringa hian fapa pali a nei a, Midânga,Thurtima, Pialtela, Lûngena te an ni. Vangchhiaha hian fapa 6 a nei a, Dochil, Invang, Theiduh,Tlukte, Vanghawi, Zapte te an ni. Pautua hian fapa 4 a nei a, Buangzal, Chhingate, Chhehlawn, Tluangate te an ni. Khualhringa pianpui u leh nau te leh fate hming hi tun hnuah chuan Khawlhring chi hming an lo ni ta a ni. An hnam khaikhawmtu berah KHUALHRING tuna KHAWLHRING tia kan lo hman tak hi Khawlhring tlanga Khawlhring lalram ropui tak dintu Khawlhringa khan a lo hmang daih tawh a ni. Hei hi AD 1400 hma lam daih niin a lang. Mi thenkhat ten thlang kan tlak hnu chauha min khaikhawmtu hnam hming atan Khawlhring tih hi hmang ta chauh anga an sawi thin hi thu belhchian dawl lo a ni.

Khawlhring hnam te hian tuna kan chenna Mizoram leh Mizo hnam humhalhna kawngah an lo thawhhlawk em em a ni tih kan hre thei a. Khawlhring lal ropui leh Khawlhring tlanga lal hnuhnung ber Lalmichhinga atanga chhuan 9-na Pu Challianthanga'n a fate hnena a thurochhiah a sawi chu hetiang hi a ni: “Lallula'n Thlanrawn Pawih ho a rawt tuma a pasal tha hmingthang leh a chhuan ber ber te kha Khawlhring pa ho kan ni a.  Pawih ho thi bang Tuilehluang thlenga uma that leh vektute pawh kha Khawlhring pa ho kan ni.  Mi kawlh leh huaisen hnam kan ni tih hi rawn theihnghilh suh ang che u" tiin. Hei hian Khawlhring pasaltha te kha mi huaisen doral hmaa tlan chhe ngai lo, mihrang sahrang hmaah zam ngai lo an ni tih a tichiang hle awm e.

Khawlhring hnam hi Mizo hnamah hian kan in phun nghet em em a, Mizoram state chhung leh pawnah kan in zar pharh nasa hle a, Mizo hnam zinga hnam hlawm lian ber kan nih loh pawhin a hnam hlawm lian ber zinga mi kan nih hial a rinawm.  Mizoram leh Mizo hnam tan hian vawiin thlengin sawrkar, kohhran leh thil dang dangah sulsutu mi pawimawh tak takah Khawlhring te hi an tang a ni tih kan hre thei awm e. Amaherawhchu, Mizo hnahthlak hnam hrang hrang zingah chuan inlakhranna rilru (hnam feeling) nei lo ber leh Mizo hnahthlak hnam zawng zawng deuh thawin an hnama an sengluh tak hnam kan nih avanga mahni hnam tobul chhui chiang lem lova awm ta mai mai kan nihna erawh historical researcher-te thlirna tukverh atanga thlir chuan a pawi hle awm e. Mizo hnama kan in phun ngheh tlatna erawh hi chu sawinghinin awm mawlh lo se.

Khawlhring hnam leh Zo hnahthlak hnam thenkhat te inlaichinna Khawlhring historical society-in research a tihna atanga kan hriat chian theih chinte han tarlang ila:

(1)  Khawlhring leh Biate inlaichinna:

Berhvatea fapa Chunthanga nupui hi Biate hnam a ni a. Biate lal Lalkhanga fanu Lalzaii nupuiah a nei niin an sawi a.  Khawlhringa nu hi Biate hnam a nih miau avangin Biate ho nen hian an inti chhungkhat hle a, an chhungkhat an unaute an ni reng bawk a ni. Biate tawng chuan Kholring an ti. Biate leh Khawlhring chu nu hmun pa hmun hrin an ni e tia sawi thin a nihna chhan pawh Khawlhringa nu kha Biate hnam a nih vang a ni. Khawlhring lalram huam chhungah Biate ho hi thahnem tak chu Khawlhring zingah an awm ve ngei niin a lang. Biate hnam zingah Khawlhirng kan ni inti an lo awm ve a nih pawhin an mawh love.  Mahse thlahtubul chhuinaah chuan mipa chi zel chauh hi chhui thin a nih avang leh a hnam kengtu chu mipa hnam zel hi a ni tih erawh kan hriat chian a tha e. Biate te nen inlaichinna kan neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Hmar in ni e an lo tih phah ta niin a lang.

(2)  Khawlhring leh Thiak inlaichinna:

Chunthanga leh Lalzaii Biate (Biate hnam lal Lalkhanga fanu, hmeltha leh hleitling taka sawi) fapa Khawlhringa (Khawlhring hnam thlahtu) pianna khua hi Thiak khua niin an sawi a. Mizoram state chhunga mi ni lo Chin Hills (Burma) a mi zawk niin an sawi. Hetianga inlaichinna kan neih avang hian Thiak ho hian Khawlhring ho hi an ti unau em em a ni.  Hei vang hian Khawlhring te chu Hmar in ni e min lo tih phah ta niin a lang. Khawlhring lalram huam chhungah Thiak ho hi thahnem tak chu Khawlhring zingah an awm ve ngei niin a lang. Thiak ho hi kan laichin unau te an ni e.

(3)  Khawlhring leh Halkha inlaichinna:

Khualhringa tupa Hauchema nupui hi Bawmzo a nia, Bawmzo te hi Lai/Pawi hnam an ni a, Hauchema (Khawlhring Lungen) tupa Zakuala (Khawlhring Lungen) nupui hi Ngunnu-i Lai/Pawi Halkha hnam a ni bawk. Hetianga Lai/Pawi hnam te nena in neih pawlh nuaih an nih avangin Khawlhring te hi Lai/Pawi Hnam an ni e tih a lo chhuah phah ta a ni mai awm e. 

(4)  Khawlhring leh Fanai inlaichinna:

Fanai lal ropui Rorehlova hi a naupan laiin a nu leh pa Pawi ralin an thah sak a, Khawlhring hovin Rorehlova hi Sailo lal ho hnenah an tlan luh pui ta niin an sawi. Selesih sangsarih khua din a nih hun lai khan Rorehlova hi naupang te a la ni tih kan hre thei a, Lallula hian pianpui unau mipa a neih loh avangin a pianpui unau ang maia neih niin an sawi. Selesih sangsarih atanga Samthang khuaah Lallula a in dana lal tlang a thut khan Rorehlova hi Lallula hian amah zui ve zel tura a ngen avangin a zui ve zel tih kan hre thei a, a bul hnai khuaah Lallula hian a lal tir ve niin an sawi bawk.

Fanai lal awmna apiangah Khawlhring pa ho hi lal upa (tun laia Minister ang), Pasaltha leh Puithiam an ni deuh zel tih kan hre thei a. Dawisa kil ho theiin Fanai ho nen hian an lo in siam a, unau angin nghet takin an khawsa ho ta a ni. Fanai ho nen hian thisena in unau ni lo mahse thuthlunga unaua in siam an ni. Mizoram state chhunga Fanai lalna ram zawng zawngah Khawlhring ho hi thahnem tak tun thlengin an la awm a ni. Khawlhring te hi Lai/Pawi Hnam in ni e min tihna chhan pawh Fanai ho nena an in tih unau vang leh an zinga an chen vang hi a ni mai awm e.

(5)  Khawlhring leh Ngente inlaichinna:

Khiangte ho leh Ngente ho an indo do a, Ngente ho hian chak dawn lova an inhriat avangin Khawlhring ho hi Khiangte ho dopuiah an sawm ta a, tichuan Khiangte ho chu an hneh ta a, heta tang hian Ngente leh Khawhring te hian unau a insiamin Dawisa an lo kil ho thei ta a ni. Hetianga inlaichinna an lo neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Paite hnam in ni e an lo tih phah ta niin an sawi.

(6)  Khawlhring leh Sailo inlaichinna:

Sailo lal ropui Lallula nupui kha Khawlhring a ni. Lalmanga (Mangpawrha) nu kha a ni. Hei hi Hualngo hoin Sailo ho hla an phuah elnaah kan hmu. 

"Khawlhringfa Mangpawrha, fentialah Lalsavunga,

Thlang vaipui tel lo chuan ka awm khua,

Bel ang i suan lawng nge (lovang)" tiin.

Tin, Zadeng lal, Lalchungnunga Tuahzawl lal in hla a phuah elnaah hian chiang takin a lang bawk.

"Khawlhring tuchhuan Lalmanga fam ta si e,

Lalchungnunga'n tunge ka do tak ang le!" tiin.

Khawlhring thahnem tham takin Sailo lal an belh avang khan Sailo lal awp huam chhunga Khawlhring awm te kha Lusei an ni e an lo tih phah mai niin a lang.

(7)  Khawlhring leh Bawmzo inlaichinna:

Khawlhringa tupa Hauchema (Vanhnuaihauchema tia hriat lar) (Laltuaka Sailo fapa Hauchema nen ngaih pawlh loh tur a ni ang) khan nupuiah Bawmzo (Bawm) a nei a, hei hi Pangzawl (Chin Hills) nula hmeltha Chawngvungi ngaizawngtu, nupui atana rima nupuia nei ta Sawngkhara chanchinah kan hre thei a, Sawngkhara hi Hauchema fapa a ni. Chawngvungi nu chuan Sawngkhar hi a lo duh lo hle a. Sawngkhara chuan a va rim leh a. Pawn atang chuan, ‘Chawngi, kawng min va hawn rawh, Sawngkhara ka lo leng e’ a han ti a. Chawngvungi nu chuan, ‘Bawmzo fa leh Paikawng chu tuichhuarah riak rawh se,’ a tihsan mai a.  Sawngkhara chuan, ‘Ka nu Bawmzo ni mahse ka pa Vanhnuai Hauchema’ a’n ti a. Chu veleh, ‘Chawngi va hawn rawh le’ a ti a.  Kawngkhar chuan ‘Rikrak’ a ti vat mai a ni an ti.

Bawmzo (Bawm) te hi Mizo historian te chuan Pawi/Lai hnam zingah an dah. Hauchema hi Lungena fapa a ni.  Khawlhring te thlang an tlak khan thahnem takin Bawmzo (Bawm) ho hi an zui thla ngei a ni tih kan hre thei a. Khawlhring tlanga lal hnuhnung ber Lalmichhinga thlah kal zel Tinthata thlah peng te pawh an la awm ngei tih kan hre thei a ni. Hetianga Bawmzo (Bawm) te nen an in chenpawlh avang hian Bangladesh (East Pakistan) sawrkar phei chuan Bawm hnam chi peng 18 a recognised zingah Khawlhring te hi a telh ve ta hial a ni. Bangladesh sawrkar offical record-ah chuan “Khualhring” tia dah a ni. Bawmzo (Bawm) ho hian “Khualring” tiin an lam thung.  Bawmzo (Bawm) te nena inlaichinna thuk tak an lo neih avang hian Khawlhring te chu Lai/Pawi hnam in nia lawm an lo tih phah ta niin a lang.

(8) Khawlhring leh Reang/Bru inlaichinna:

Tripura state-a Reang/Bru hnam zinga khawsa Apeng ho khu Khawlhring chi peng an ni a.  Anni ho hi thlang tla hmasa pawl tak a nih a rinawm. Apeng ho hi an thahnem tham hle.

(9)  Khawlhirng leh Pang inlaichinna:

Pang ho zingah Khawlhring ho engemaw zat an awm ve a. Hei vang hian Pang ho hian an ti unau em em niin a lang. Mahse thisena inlaichinna hnai tak kan neih erawh kan hre thei tawh lo a ni. Pang ho hian Khawlhring te hi KHUALRENG an ti a, an hnamah min seng lut hial reng a ni.

(10) Khawlhring leh Darlawng inlaichinna:

Darlawng ho zingah khuan Khawlhring thahnem tham tak an khawsa thin a. Hei vang hian Darlawng ho hian an hnamah min chhal ta mai niin alang.

(11) Khawlhring leh Vangchhia inlaichinna:

Rev. Liangkhaia khan Khawlhring te leh Vangchhia te hian bul zawk nih an inchuh niin a ziak a, mahse hei hi khawi emaw laia pa titi thiam thusawi a dawnsawn a ziak mai niin a lang.  Chhui chian dawl lo thil a ni. Khawlhring te leh Vangchhia te hi thlahtubul thuhmun, nu leh pa thuhmun, Chunthanga Faihriam/Mivam leh Lalzaii Biate te fapa, thisen inzawm unau ngei an ni e. K. Manliana (Keimanliana), Khampat khawdintu sawi danin Vangchhe pa farnu in sawn a pai atanga Khawlhring hi lo piang anga sawi pawh hi chhui chian dawl lo thil a ni. Pa titi thiam takin a chhui dawnna a sawina mai niin a lang. He thu hi Hmar lal mi fing tak tak leh Khawlhring tawng pawh la thiam ngat Pu M. Laldailova chhuidawnna nen a in persan hle bawk. Vangchhia zingah a zatve aia tam mah hian an hming bulah Khawlhring tih an hmang niin a lang bawk. Khawlhring tlang pui bul hnai te ah Vangchhe tlang a awm a, a hranpa in lal tlang te zawk changin an lal ve a ni. Khawlhring tawng vek an hmang thin.  Vangchhia te hi sawi hran emaw theih chi niin a lang lo e.

(12)  Khawlhring leh Pautu inlaichinna:

Mi thenkhatin Pautua hi Vangchhiaha fapa angin ziak an awm leh zeuh thin a, hei hi an hriat sual vang niin a lang. Chunthanga Faihriam/Mivam leh Lalzaii Biate te fapa, Khawlhringa pianpui unau ngei a ni e. Pautu te hi sawi hran emaw theih chi niin a lang lo e.

(13)  Khawlhring leh Saivate inlaichinna:

Saivate hnam tam zawk hian Hmar emaw an in ti hial awm e. A thenin Khawlhring an in ti bawk. Khawlhring thlahtu bul chiang taka chhui hlat theih ber Berhvatea khan fapa pahnih a nei a, Saivatea leh Chunthanga. Chuvangin, Khawlhring te nen hian thlahtu bulah thuhmun an nih avang hian Saivate hnam hian Khawlhring an in ti a nih pawhin an mawh love, kan thinsen zawm pui te ngei an ni e. Mivam hnam (Hnam Thianghlim) ngei an ni a, Khawlhring hnam chi zinga tel thei ngei an ni e.

(14) Khawlhring leh Faihriam (Faihriem) inlaichinna:

Faihriam (Faihriem) hnam chanchin kan hriat theihna hmasa ber chu lal Salawnkhara kha a ni. Salawnkhara kha Faihriam hnam a ni a, lal ropui tak a ni. Salawnkhara kha Lersia te laichin hnai unau a ni tih kan hria. Lersia leh Singaia te feh hlanin an farnu neihchhun Ngirtlingi chu Salawnkhara nupui Cherhchawngi dam thei lo thawi nan an hmang tih kan hria a. Hei hi Mizo history-ah mihringa in thawi hmasa ber an ni hial awm e.  Berhvatea kha Mivam hnam tih kan hria a. Mivam tih leh Faihriam tih hi thuhmun a ni. Berhvatea tih loh chu Mivam hnamdang hriat leh an thlah kal zel hriat kan nei lo. Berhvatea fapa Chunthanga Faihriam leh Lalzaii Biate thlah kal zel te hian KHAWLHRING HNAM kan inti a, Saivatea thlah kal zel ten FAIHRIEM (FAIHRIAM) an la in ti mai niin a lang e. Thlahtu bul thumun kan ni.

KAWTCHHUAH ROPUI

KAWTCHHUAH ROPUI

-K.C. Khuma
 Vanglaini April 22, 2018

Vangchhe khua hi 1888 AD ah Sailo lal Thawmpuia’n a din a. Zoram buai lai khan Vaphai khua ah khawm phei an ni a, Vaphai ah kum li zet an awm hnu-ah 1972-ah let leh in tun thleng hian mei mit lovin a awm ta a ni. Thawmpuia Sailo leh a ṭhuihruai ten an luah hma hian  kum engzat nge ruak a awm kan hre lova, Hualngo lal Luahtu-a hian kum sawm leh sawmhnih inkar vel chu a kaihhruai te nen an luah niin upate’n an sawi ṭhin. Hualngo lal Luahtu-a te awm hma hian Hmar hnam Vangsie (Vangchhia) hovin an luah tawh bawk a, anni aṭang hian vawiin thlengin a khaw hming Vangchhia hi a pu hlen ta a ni.

Hmar Vangchhe hovin an luah lai hian tuna a khaw ṭhenawm Sazep ram hi ram ruak a ni a, tlak deng chhawng zawnga ram pharh a ni. Vangchhe pasalṭha te sa kahna ber, sapuahna, sachanna hmun (sazeep ram) a ni a, vawiin thlengin an ni pawh hian Sazep tih chu khaw hmingah an pu hlen ta a ni. Vangchhe hovin an luah hma hian engtia rei nge a ruaka a awm kan hre lova, Mirawng (Rongmei) ho pawh hian an luah tawh a nih hmel. A chhan chu Kawtchhuah Ropui-ah hian khawchhak lam Myanmar aṭangin hmanlai kawng (Pipute Lamlian) a rawn lut a, chhim lampang aṭangin, chhimthlang aṭangin, khawthlang lam aṭangin, hmar lam aṭangin hmanlai kawng (Pipute Lamlian) hi a rawn lut a, hengte hi koh dan kan hriat tam ber chu Mirawng kawng (Mirawng Lamlian), Vai lamlian, tih a ni a, Mithi Kawng ti an awm bawk.

1980 niin ka hria, khual khua a nula rim nuam kan tih lai vel a ni. Vaphai khua a thingpui dawrah thingpui in in kan ṭhianpa nen kan ṭhu ve, Mizo chhangban kan hmeh a, kan sirah chuan Vaphai pavalai an ni chek ang, thingpui inchawiin ‘Two raw pip’ an ti a, Meitei nula pathum leh tlangval pahnih an rawn lut ve a. Vaphai pa-in, “Engnge in rawn tih?” a ti a, anni chuan, “Kan pi leh pute sulhnu kan rawn chhui a ni” an ti a. Kan pi leh pute chuan A B C (A AW B) an nei lova, lungphun an uar a, lungphunah chuan thu leh hla chhiar tur a awm lova, lem chi hrang hrang a pawngin lungphunah chuan an ziak ṭhin a ni,” an ti. Kei mikhual tlangval chuan, “Heng lungphun, kan rama mi te chu nangni pi leh pute phun a ni lo, kan pi leh pute phun alawm” ka ti thla ve ngawt a, ka hriat chian vang pawh a ni lova, ka zahzum loh vang mai a ni. Vaphai pa chuan “Vangchhia te in tlawh em?” a ti a, “Aw, tlawh e” an ti a. Anni thusawi kha a dik a nih chuan Vangchhia hi Meitei ho pawhin an luah tawh a nih hmel (Shyam Singh, Asst. Archaeologist, A.S.I, Guwahati office aṭanga lo kal hnenah heng thu te hi ka hrilh a, ani chuan, “Kan pi pute culture-ah heng hi a awm ka hre ngai lo” a ti ve thung).

Vangchhe khua leh ram hrim hrim hi Mizoramah chuan pi pu sulhnu tam berna a nih hmel a, ramhnuai khawbang hniam deuh leh lung khawsa mai maia lem chi hrang hrang inziak te, pi pute lamlian sei tak leh tawi te te te, lungrem hrang hrang te, lungdawh te, puk te (ker) leh lungphun te a tam a, khaw hlui chin nia hriat pawh hi zau tham tak a ni. Hetiang lam vei a nih a chinah phei chuan hmuh chhuah thar te pawh a awm zel a. Lungker khuar leh buh denna sum ang taka ker te, a tawn ngil tawpa ker te hmuh belh zel a ni a, hmun hluiah tho chuan tuna Vangchhe khaw luahtute pawh hian khua an din a. Tuna Vangchhia, In 170 vel hian hmun hlui chu an luah tho va, hmanlaia an tuikhur hlui ni awm tak te pawh tam tak hmuh chhuah a ni.

Khawchhak lama kawtchhuah leh khawthlang lam kawtchhuah a awm a, hmanlaia an bel keh them leh lung hmanrua te, ṭhimkualte chhar a ni a, vaibel (kuaite) ni awm tak te pawh tam tak chhar a ni.  Khawchhak lam kawtchhuah chu Vangchhe khaw luahtu Thawmpuia te nge, Luahtua Hualngo te nge, Vangchhia hnamin nge ni, hre chiah lo mah ila hming inhmeh tak mai Duhlian ṭawngin ‘Kawtchhuah Ropui’ an ti a, a inhmeh hle.  Kawtchhuah Ropui-ah hian tunah (2018) lungphun 250 vel a awm a, chung lungphunah chuan thu leh hla engmah chhiar theih a awm lova, lem chi hrang hrang; ramsa lem,  sava, sangha, hmanrua chi hrang hrang lem leh mihring lem te a pawngin an ziak a. Japan, New Zealand leh Israel aṭang te hian an rawn tlawh a. India hmun hrang hrang leh Mizoram chhim leh hmar, University te, College leh School hrang hrang leh Sawrkar Department leh pawl ho leh chhungkua te in an rawn tlawh fo ṭhin bawk. Tlawhtu te mit la deuh te chu rul lem leh sangha te, selu in chherchhuan leh rin kalh te hi an ni a, ngaihdan hrang hrang pawh a tam hle.

Foreign aṭanga rawn kal te chuan, “Heng lungphun te hi Lui lung a ni e,” ti te an awm a, ṭhenkhatin ‘sand stone’ an ti bawk. Mak deuh mai chu heng an ngaihdan te hi pawm loh theih loh a nih chhan chu a bul hnaiah hetiang khawpa lung lian leh tam chher ngai lo han lakchhuahna tur quarry a awm lo a ni. An lem ziah avang pawh hian tute sulhnu nge nia in hriat siak/in rin siak pawh hi competition pakhat chu a ni ve reng reng reng a ni. Lui lung a ni ti tute sawi hi dik se engtin nge an zawnchhuah ang? Engtin nge an lak thlen theih? tih pawh khawnvartui pâwl chhan hre lo tan chuan hriat ngaihna a awm lo a ni. An puk ker leh an lung ker chi hrang hrang te avang hian hmanrua ṭha tak an nei tih erawh chu a hriat.

Engpawhnise, tu sulhnu pawh ni se, Vangchhiaa Kawtchhuah Ropui leh sulhnu dangte hi zir tham a ni. September 12, 2012, ah T. Romana College chuan Seminar buatsaihin, Principal leh staff te nen zirlai naupangte leh mipuite nen thufing zirchianna a buatsaih a. Prof. J.V. Hluna te, B. Lalthangliana te, Dr. Malsawmkima te, Pu K.C. Khuma te chu thu thlirbing buatsaihtute an ni a, a lawmawm hle. Chu mai ni lovin INTACH Mizoram Chapter, Pu Rohmingthanga IAS (Rtd.) kaihhruai te, a mei zang aṭangin Mizoram sawrkar leh Art and Culture Department ṭangrual chuan India rama thil hlui lam buaipuitu lian ber, Archaeological Survey of India-ah thlenin tunah chuan Kawtchhuah Ropui chu ‘National Importance’ ah puan a ni ta a ni. 2015 aṭang khan ASI te chuan zirchianna (excavation) neiin hma an la a, “Kum li kum nga-ah chuan zawh theih kan tum ang” an ti. Hna an thawh tluan chuan Mizo history-ah mellung thar a piang ngei ang a, kan rama mi ril zawk te pawh awm mai mai lova, a hmuna riak leh en a hriatpui ve turin ka sawm che u a ni.

Vangchhe pa ho ṭhat na em em chu kan mawl kan zep lo te hi a ni. Vangchhe khua a pa upa te sawi sawidan chuan, “Tuna lung la awm te hi hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat pawh a tling tawh lovang, hmanlai aṭangin lungphun, lungdawh, lungrem atan lak a ni a, (1992 thleng khan) tunah a hlutna kan hre ve chauh si a, a pawi ngawt mai” an ti. Kawtchhuah Ropui avang hian Mizo history chuan hmel thar, history chiang zawk a neih ngei beisei ang u.

Vangchhia, Mizoram, India.

Zofate Thlangtlak Gate, Vangchhia, Mizoram, India.

MIZO HI KHAWI ATANGA CHHUAK NGE KAN NIH?

MIZO HI KHAWI ATANGA CHHUAK NGE KAN NIH?

(Zofate te hian CIVILIZATION ropui tak kan lo neih tawh ka ring. Rûn kam velah siapsuapin kan inthuam tih kha a hnawl theih loh va, kan culture a hnung tawlh a ni. Than tlâng vêla an awm lai khan Pu K. Zawla chuan heti hian a ziak a. ‘Tlâng sâng taka awm an nih avângin an vêla mite chuan Zomi an ti a. Ni khat chu pa pakhat hian sanghal muhil lai mau feiin a vit hlum a, “Keimah Mizopa, phulraw chawia sa tin kâpa,” tiin hla a phuah a. Heta tang hian Mizo tih hi a lo chhuak ta niin upate’n an ring,’ tiin a sawi a. Hei hi kei chuan pawm harsa ka ti. - B. LALTHANGLIANA)

Mizo lo chhuahna bul hi ka phâk tâwkin ka chhui a. Mahse, kan duh anga chiang leh bulfûk kan la hre thei lo va. Chhinlung chhuak kan ni kan inti a. Mahse, Chhinlung chu khawiah nge a awm tih kan la hre thei lo va. China ramah a ni mai theite pawh an ti a. China rama kan kal khân an University-ahte pawh kan zâwt a, min chhâng thei lo va. Tin, Chhinlung tih chu hmasânga pûka kan awm lai, pi pute’n an lei hmawra an hriat viai viai an sawi a ni ang em tihte pawh a ngaihtuah theih a. Eng pawh ni se, kei leh mi dang, history ziaktute’n kan pawm ber chu: Mizo chu Mongolian an tih, hnam hlawm lian pui a\anga lo chhuak, tawngah chuan Tibeto-Burman an tih zinga mi kan ni a.

Tibeto-Burman hlawm an tih chu China chhim thlang Zhechuan Province an tih vêla awm, tlângmi hnam hrang hrang tobul hmasa a ni a. China-ah khian tlângmi hi minority an ti a, chutiang chu hnam 55 an awm a. Chûng zingah chuan tel veah kan han inngai deuh va. Tibeto-Burman hnam hlawm chu Chinese-ho nên ran vulhna tur ram an inchuh thin a. A tlêm leh âwm nêm zâwk chu an tawlh chhuah a ngai a. A tâwi zâwngin Tibet leh Burma ram inrinaah an lo tawlh thla a. Burma ram hmâr thlang ‘Hukawng Valley-ah’ an lo tawlh lût a. Chuta tang chuan an lo chhuk zêl a. Prof. G.H. Luce-a chuan AD 4 khân Tibeto-Burman hlawm zinga tel Chin-Kuki group hian tangka an hmelhriat tawh tiin a ziak a. Tichuan Chindwin hnâr lam atangin an lo tawlh thla zêl a, AD 800 atanga 850 inkâr vêlah Kâwl phai ‘Kabaw Valley’ an lo thleng niin kan ring a. Chu chu Mizo thlang tlâk dân tlangpui chu a ni.

CHUTIH LAI CHUAN MIZO AN INTI TAWH EM?

Mizo la inti teh nang. Chindwin hnâr lam atanga an lo tawlh thlak khan Tibeto-Burman hlawm zing atangin an tla hrang hret hret ang a, tah chuan Mizo hnahthlak zawng zawng hi Kâwl phaiah kan awm khâwm kei chuan ka ring deuh a ni. A chhan chu kan tawng hi zaah 60 atang 70 vêl a inang a. Kan silhfen leh kan in sak dân te, kan hmanlai thawnthu a lo inang deuh vek avângte hian kan khawsa ho ngei a ni ang tih a rinawm a.

Tuna Assam kan tih pawh khu tun hma chuan ‘Ahom Dynasty’ an ti a. Ahom chu Shan-ho hming hmasa a ni. Shan-ho chuan khumi Dynasty din tura an lo chhukin kalkawngah Kabaw Valley-a kan awm chu min chil a. An tam zâwk a, an chak zâwk a, ralthuam an nei tha zâwk bawk a. Kabaw Valley atang chuan min um chhuak ta niin a rinawm.

Hemi ka han rinna chhan chu: kan pi leh pute Kâwl phaiah an awm tih kan hre theuh va. Khawvelah mihring an pem kual chhan hi chi nga a awm a. 1) Hripui 2) Lirnghing 3) Tui lian 4) Kang mei 5) Hmelma. A hmasa pali khi chu an khaw pângngai atanga hla vak lovah an insawn a, hmun nuam leh ei leh bar zawnna awlsam an pan a. Mahse, han ngaihtuah ila, kan pi pute kha Kâwl phaiah an awm a, engati nge Than tlâng vâwt em em, fit 7000 aia sângah an insawn ? Than tlâng chu a sâng a, Rûn lui a kuam thûk bawk si a. Ei leh bar zawn a harsa em em mai a. Lâ a pâr thei lo va, buh a vui thei hek lo. Chuvângin tun thlengin Than tlâng leh Rûn kam vêla kan Mizo hnahthlakte chuan vaimim te, fangra te, busul te, kawlbahra te, bâl te, buhtun te chawah an la ring a. Hei hi an duh leh ngainat vâng a ni ngawt lo, a ram leilungin a zir loh vâng a ni.

Kâwl phai, ei leh bar awlsamna, tui thatna hmun atanga Rûn kam leh Than tlânga an insawn chho kha an duhthlanna a nih a rinawm loh. Khawvel pum pui han thlir hian, an pêm rêng rêngin hmun hrehawm atangin hmun nuam zâwk lam an pan thin a. Keini erawh chu hmun nuam atangin hmun harsaah kan kal tlat a! Chuvângin hmelmate’n min nawr chhuak a ni ang tih ka ring nghet tlat a. Shan history atangin ka zawng ngat ngat a. An lo chhuk lam, Manipur atanga Assam an pan thlakna kawngah min nawr chhuak ngei niin ka ring nghet ta a ni. Chutia min hnawt darh ta chu a then Manipur-ah an kal a, thenkhat chu Burma ram laili-ah an tawlh thla a, a then chhim lam Yaw Valley sirah an va awm a. Keiniho, a hlawm lian ber, tuna Mizorama awmho hi Than tlângah kan chho ta a. A ram a chhiat avângin kan awm rei lo a ni ang, kan pi pute sulhnu sawi tur kan hre mang lo. Chuta tang chuan kan tawlh leh hret a, Len tlâng kan thlen hi chuan ram a lo tha tawh a ni.

BUNG AN PHUNNA HMUN KHA KHAWIAH NGE?

Bung an phunna hmun chu Kabaw Valley, Khampat a ni a. Kum 1936-a Kristian Tlangau chanchinbua Pastor Dengkunga’n a ziak dân chuan, “Khampat bung kan va tlawh chuan Kawlho chuan min lo hre khawp mai,” a ti a. Shan-ho lo tawlh thlak leh Assam-a Ahom Dynasty an din atanga chhûtin AD 1200-ah Kâwl phai kan chhuahsan a nih a rinawm. Chuti a nih chuan AD 800 vêlah Kâwl phai kan lûtah chhût ila, kum 400 vêl Kâwl phaiah kan khawsa ho tihna a ni.

MIZORAM KAN LUH THLAKZEL DAN HI?

Than tlâng atang chuan Len tlâng leh Tiau lui inkârah kan khawsa ta a. Pi pute sulhnu pawh tam tak kan nei a. Pu Liangkhaia leh Pastor Vanchhungate khân Rûn kam vêla kan awm lai khân hmeichhiain siapsuap an fêng a, mipain hnawkhal an ha an ti a. Hei hi sawi rem a ngaiin ka hria. Kabaw Valley-a an awm laiin khati angin an inthuam miah lo vang, thawmhnaw pawh an nei tha khat ang. A chhan chu Kâwlho leh kan pi pute an indo thu kan hre ngai lo va. Kan darkhuang, kan darmang leh darbu zawng zawng hi Kâwl phai atanga kan thlang tlâkpui a ni a. Kâwlho nên kan inchên pawlh lai khan kan chher ho emaw, kan chhung ho emaw a ni ang a. Chuvângin, kan silh leh fên, kan ei leh bar a chhe lutukin ka ring lo.

Amaherawhchu, kan ziaktu hmasate’n Rûn kam velah siapsuap leh hnawkhalin kan inthuam an tih hi hnial thu a chêng lo va. Ka sawi tawh ang khân Rûn kam leh Than tlângah lâ a pâr thei lo va, buh a vui thei lo va. Chuvâng chuan an culture a hnung tawlh ta a ni. Tichuan Rûn kam vêla an awm lai chuan an thawmhnaw nei thatte a chhe zo va, siapsuap leh hnawkhala an saruak an khuh kha a ngai ta a.

Chumi hnua thil ropui deuh lo awm ta chu: Len tlâng an rawn chuang chhuak a, lâ a lo pâr thei tawh a, puan an tah a. Puan tah thei tur chuan themthiam a ngai lutuk. Hmui hi han ngaihtuah teh, a mulêp, a tluang hrui, hmuithal ngil em em a ngai a. Han kaih ham ham thei tur chuan a mechanism hi a sâng asin! Rûn kam vêla saruak ti tiha awm kha vawilehkhatah a fin thut theih loh. Hêng hi Kâwl phaia an awm lai khân an lo thiam vek tawh a. Than tlâng an thlenin a ram leilungin a zir loh avângin an culture a hnung tawlh a. Amaherawhchu, kha an technology kha an thluakah a awm a. Herâwtte hi han ngaihtuah ila, a ho viauin a lang nâ a, hman kum Thailand kan kal khân an museum kan en a, an herâwt chu kan herâwt aiin a chhe zâwk daih. Herâwt kelki hi han en ila, tunlai khawvel changkang tawha khâwl zawng zawngah hian a kelki a la ngai vek. Kan pi pute’n a kelki an lo hmuchhuak kha an fing hle tih a hriat. An thiam hnâng dehte kha a tha a ni.

Hemi tichiang tur chuan Len tlâng tlâk lam, Seipui, Bochung vêla kan awm lai khân ei leh barah an lo hnianghnar ta a. Ei leh bar kawnga kan harsat lutuk chuan sakhua hi kan ngaihsak hman lo va. Tichuan Seipuia an awm lai chuan sakhua an ngaihtuah ta a. An sakhaw puithiam leh thiam hla hreho an thi zo tawh a. Chutia ei leh bara an lo hnianghnar deuh hnu chuan, “Sakhua i bia ang u,” an ti a. An thiam hla kan hriat hmasak ber chu, “Pi biaki’n lo chhâng ang che, pu biaka’n lo chhâng ang che,” tih a ni a. An thiam hla hria an awm tâk loh avângin, “Kan pite biak thin khân lo chhang ang che, kan pute biak thin khân lo chhâng ang che,” an ti ta ringawt a. Hei vâng hian tûna kan chhui dân nên pawh hian a inhmeh riau a ni. Rev. Zairema nên pawh khân kan sawi dûn a, “He i rin dân hi chu a pawm awm khawp mai,” a ti a.

MIZOTE HIAN CIVILIZATION KAN LO NEI VE TAWH EM?

A ni ve thei tho, eng anga sâng nge a nih chu teh theih a ni lo va. Kabaw valley-ah khân civilization hniam lutuk lo chu kan nei ve tawh a. A chhan chu: Kâwl history han chhiar ila, AD 900 vêlah chuan an sâng viau tawh a. An khawpui hlui Pagan an tih, an khawpui din hmasak bera an sakhaw hmun, Buddhist pagoda-te pawh ka tlawh a, an themthiamna a sâng tlat. Kan ta an lâk nge, an ta kan lâk tih pawh hriat loh tawngkam kan nei a: kawlbahra, kâwl sunhlu, kâwlthei, kâwl khuang, kâwl ui, kâwl.. kâwl... tih kan nei teuh va. Kan awmho laia kan neih a nih a rinawm a. Kha Pagan Dynasty hun lai khân pagoda hi mêl li mêl nga dan vêlah an hung teuh mai a. Awm ho reng, indo ngai lo kan ni a. Chuti a nih chuan anni an sân viau lai a, keini kan hniam bik lutuk kha a theih loh. Anni kan tluk loh a nih pawhin, chhe lutuk lovin civilization chu kan neih ka ring. Rûn kam velah siapsuapin kan inthuam tih kha a hnawl theih loh va, kan culture a hnung tawlh a ni. Than tlâng vêla an awm lai khan Pu K. Zawla chuan heti hian a ziak a. ‘Tlâng sâng taka awm an nih avângin an vêla mite chuan Zomi an ti a. Ni khat chu pa pakhat hian sanghal muhil lai mau feiin a vit hlum a, “Keimah Mizopa, phulraw chawia sa tin kâpa,” tiin hla a phuah a. Heta tang hian Mizo tih hi a lo chhuak ta niin upate’n an ring,’ tiin a sawi a. Hei hi kei chuan pawm harsa ka ti.

KHANG HUNLAI KHAN ENG HNAM ANGIN NGE AN KHAWSAK?

Khawchhak lamah chuan keini Mizo hnahthlak chu ‘Chin’ min ti a. Khawthlang lamah ‘Kuki’ min ti leh vek a. Keimahni kha eng tin nge kan intih hriat a har khawp mai a. Pu K. Zawla khân a lehkhabu chhuak hmasa berah a chunga sawi thu hi a telh lo va, an chhut nawn leh hnua telh chauh a ni a. Kum 1874-a T.H. Lewin-a lehkhabu ziahah chuan, “Anmahni chuan ‘Dzo’ an inti a,” tiin a sawi a. Ka rin dân chuan a nation ang ni lo, mahni hnam chi bil tê tê, Khawlhring, Ralte, Halkha tih ang hian an awm a nih ka ring a. Mizorama Sapho an lo chhuah thleng khan hnam pakhat angin kan la awm lo va. Kan pasaltha Chawngbawla, Vanpate pawh an lal tân, an khaw tân chauh alâwm an huaisen. Chin Hills-a Paihte zingah chuan lal lian an awm mai a, Pawih zingah pawh lal lian an awm a. Keini Mizorama Lusei zingah chuan an khua an lal kha lal a ni tawp a, khawper pahnih khat emaw an nei a. Paihte lal Hautinkhup leh Lai lal Thangtinliante chuan khaw 30 chuang an awp a. Mizorama kan Sailo lalte lal dân erawh chu a danglam deuh a ni.

Mizo tih hi eng tik atang chiaha lo chhuak nge tih hriat a harsa hle a. 1880 chho vêla Saikuti zaiah khan: ‘In zuah sual e chhuahtlang thing lenbuang Par a chhuang e Mizo lû ngenin,’ a ti a. Khatia Thingsai an kai khân kawtchhuaha thing an sât êng a. Tlangval hovin thing pakhat chu, “Hei chu i kit lo vang u, milu khai nân,” an ti a. Mahse, milu an khai leh ta lawk si lo kha Saikuti khân a phuah el ta a ni a. ‘Mizo lu ngenin,’ tih hi pawm a harsa hlein ka hria, ‘Bawmzo’ a tih a rinawm zâwk. Saikutite kha Fanai lal khuaa awm an ni a. An kiangah Lusei lal lian pui pui an tam a. Fanai chu hnam tlêm an ni a, Lusei lalho cho thei dinhmunah an ding lo. Sailoho kha an fing a, an do ber Pawihho nên an inkârah Fanaiho kha a daidovin an awmtir a ni. Khatih lai khân Thingsai kha in za pawh an tling mang lo va, chuvâng in sangkhat dawn dawn khua,‘Mizo lu ngenin,’ an tih kha a rinawm loh.

Hla hluiah emaw, ziak hluiah emaw hi chuan Mizo tih hi a awm har khawp mai a, mahse under current-ah erawh chuan a hma viau pawh a ni thei. Mizo tih ziaka kan hmuh hmasak ber nia hriat chu 1895-a chhuak ‘Mizo Zir Tir Bu’ kha a ni. Amaherawhchu, under current-ah a lâr viau a nih a rinawmna chu, kum 1871-ah Mary Winchester an man kha ‘Zoluti’ an ti a. Sap missionary lo chhuakte kha ‘Zosap’ an lo ti a. Chuvangin mipuiah chuan Mizo tih chu a lo tlanglawn viau tawh a ni ang. Kum 1903-a Zosapthara hla phuah chu, “Mizo kan nih lâwm ila,” tih a ni a.

Hnam hrang hrang, Ralte, Sailo, Khawlhring, Hnamte, Renthlei etc., khang zawng zawng tham khawmna atân under current-ah Mizo tih kha kan hmang lâr hlein an hria ang a, chuvângin Sapho khan Mizo tih hi kan zavaia tham khâwm nan an hmang ta a nih a rinawm, tuma barh luih ni lovin keimahni hman ngei a ni ang.

SAILO KHUA LEH TUI AH KHAN CHI INTHLIARNA A AWM EM ?

Awm lo. Eng hnam pawh ni se, a tling leh tlâk chu lal upaah pawh an dah hmiah hmiah a. Pasaltha chawimawi leh nopui dawm turah pawh a hnam zâwngin thu an la miah lo. Kha vâng tak khân Sailo hi chu lal âwm rêng an lo ni tlat. Vanhnuailiana pasalthate pawh kha han ngaihtuah la, hnam hrang hrang an nih kha. Tichuan, Mizo kan tih hi under current-ah chuan a rei tawh viau ang a. Lehkhabu chhuak hmasa ber chu ‘Mizo Zir Tir Bu’ a ni a. Chanchinbu chhuak hmasa ber pawh ‘Mizo Chanchin Laisuih’ tih a ni a. Mizo tih hmingin min hneh chakzia hi a mak a. Chhiarpui statistics kha han en ila, kum 1901-ah Mizo inti pakhat mah an awm lo va, Lusei, Pawih, Ralte, Paihte, Hmâr an inti a. Kum 1961-ah chuan hmun thuma thena hmun hnihin Mizo an inti a, Lusei, Ralte inti an awm tawh lo. Hnam leh Tawng hi chu a piangthar zel a, a la piangthar zel bawk ang.

(MSU in ZO HNAM CHHAN NI Kum 2013 atanga a hman thar leh turah Zo Hnam chhuina nasa taka kalpui a ni a, hemi chungchanga pawimawh Pu C.Lalnunchanga (Taitea), thangthar zinga thuziaktu ropuiin MSU President thu tamtak a hlui zing a pakhat a ni)

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